Pathophysiology of internal hemorrhoidsAnnals

Systems Comparison
Taiwo Jenkins
Rasmussen University
Professional Nursing II
Erika Pavey
October 10, 2021
 
 
 
 
 
COMPARISON OF BOWEL ELIMINATION DISORDERS
 
Diarrhea
Bowel Obstruction
Hemorrhoids
Pathophysiology
Increased stool volume results due to too much solutes being retained in the intestinal lumen preventing water from not being absorbed which in turn leads to diarrhea (Anbazhagan, et al., 2018)
 
 
 
 
 
This will lead to proximal dilation of the intestine which is caused by GI secretions accumulations and the swallowed air (Hegde, et al., 2018). The bowel dilation will stimulate cell activity and then result to the accumulation of fluid.
The vascular cushions will produce symptoms there is an inflammation of arteriovenous plexuses (Margetis, 2019). Rectal bleeding will occur since the engorged anal mucosa becomes easily traumatized.
Etiology
 
This disorder is caused by lack of sufficient bacterial absorption that takes place in the small intestines.
 
 
 
 
 
Mostly caused by postsurgical adhesions
 
Results due to unusual anal cushions swelling caused by straining.
Clinical Manifestations
 
Frequent visit to the toilet
Vomiting
nausea
Loose stool
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Vomiting
Nausea
Constipation
Diarrhea
Fever
 
Itching
Pain
Bleeding rectum
Lump near the anus
Interventions
 
Drinking a lot of water
Checking hygiene.
Adequate nutrition intake
Medication
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Lab test
Surgery
 
Increased fiber intake
Regular exercise
Taking a lot of fluids
COMPARISON OF URINARY ELIMINATION DISORDERS
 
Stress Incontinence
Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy
Pyelonephritis
Pathophysiology
 
 
The leakage of the urine may result due to loss of muscle, increased abdominal pressure or other physical stressors (Falah-Hassani, et al., 2021).
 
 
 
 
As men get older there is a great risk of prostate gland enlargement which causes urinary symptoms (McVary, 2020). If not treated, this can result to the blockage of urine flow out of the bladder causing urinary tract problems.
 
Kidney inflammation is caused by a certain type of UTI. This may either begin in the bladder or the urethra or travel to the kidneys (Kors, et al., 2020). This will result to lower urinary tract problems.
Etiology
 
This is caused by poor anatomic pelvic support. In women, this may be due to childbirth, surgery, or certain diseases.
 
 
 
 
 
Continued prostrate growth in men causes urinary symptoms and, in some cases, blocks the flow of urine. this enlargement results due to imbalanced sex hormone that is brought about by age
 
This comes due to bacteria entering the urinary tract through the tube that carries urine.
Clinical Manifestations
 
 
-urine leakage because of pressures by sneezing, laughing or heavy caused exercises.
 
 
 
 
 
 
Urinary urgency
Urinary hesitancy
Incomplete emptying
Straining
 
 
 
Back ache
Fever
Abdominal pain
Frequent urination
Pain when urinating
Hematuria
 
Interventions
-losing weight
-pelvic floor muscle exercises
-urethra inserts
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
-avoiding alcohol and caffeine
-staying active
-medication
-scheduled toileting
-surgery
-drinking a lot of water
Antibiotics
 
 
 
 
References
Anbazhagan, A. N., Priyamvada, S., Alrefai, W. A.,