Order Informal Logic Discussion

Order Informal Logic Discussion
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Names: Houser, R. E., author. Title: Logic as a liberal art : an introduction to rhetoric and reasoning / R.E. Houser. Description: Washington, D.C. : The Catholic University of America Press, 2020. | Includes bibliographical references and index. | Summary: “This textbook for a first course in logic takes a verbal rather than symbolic approach, based on the student’s natural language. It starts by discussing grammar, rhetoric, and the essential nature of logic; formal logic is then taken up following Aristotle’s division of the three acts of the mind”—Provided by publisher. Identifiers: LCCN 2019035083 | ISBN 9780813232348 (paperback) | ISBN 9780813232355 (ebook) Subjects: LCSH: Logic—Textbooks. | Rhetoric. | Reasoning. Classification: LCC BC108 .H68 2020 | DDC 160—dc23 LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2019035083
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To M. C. S. and C. J. H. C. who are one with me in the love of the Catholic Liberal Arts !
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What is madness? To have erroneous perceptions, and to reason correctly from them.
—Voltaire, Philosophical Dictionary
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Order Informal Logic Discussion
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Contents Contents
Contents
Acknowledgments xiii
A Note to the Logic Instructor xvii
A Note to the Student xxiii
Part 1. Grammar, Rhetoric, and Logic
Lesson 1. A Grounding in Grammar 3 Problem Set 1: Grammar Review | 14
Lesson 2. Rhetoric: An Introduction 17 Problem Set 2: Rhetorical Analysis | 22
Lesson 3. The Canon of Five Rhetorical Skills and the Five Parts of a Classical Speech 26 Problem Set 3: The Rhetoric of Socrates in the Apology | 33
Lesson 4. The Three Rhetorical Appeals 35 Problem Set 4: The Three Appeals | 40
Lesson 5. Aristotle Invents Logic—Twice 50 Problem Set 5: Problem Solving | 56
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Order Informal Logic Discussion
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x Contents
Lesson 6. Aristotle Organizes the Logic of Discovery and Proof 58 Problem Set 6: Three Acts of the Mind | 64
Part 2. The Logic of Terms
Lesson 7. Language, Thought, and Reality 69 Problem Set 7: Signs | 77
Lesson 8. Categories: Working toward Definitions by Answering the “What?” Question 80 Problem Set 8: Recognizing and Using Categories | 89
Lesson 9. Clarifying Concepts through Division and Collection of Terms 92 Problem Set 9: Argument Using Division | 99
Lesson 10. Aristotle’s Predicables 107 Problem Set 10: Recognizing Essence, Property, and Accident | 117
Lesson 11. Answering the “Why?” Question: Causes 120 Problem Set 11: The Four Causes | 132
Lesson 12. Different Kinds of Definitions 137 Problem Set 12: Definitions | 144
Part 3. The Logic of Propositions
Lesson 13. Statements and Propositions 153 Problem Set 13: Statements and Propositions | 163
Lesson 14. Properties of Categorical Propositions 166 Problem Set 14: Basic Categorical Propositions | 174
Lesson 15. Recognizing the Kinds of Categorical Propositions 175 Problem Set 15: Advanced Categorical Propositions | 182
Lesson 16. Categorical Propositions in Context 185 Problem Set 16: Propositions in Context | 189
Order Informal Logic Discussion
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Contents xi
Lesson 17. Euler and Venn Diagrams of Propositions 193 Problem Set 17: Euler and Venn Diagrams of Propositions | 202
Lesson 18. Opposition 205 Problem Set 18: Opposition | 214
Lesson 19. Conversion 218 Problem Set 19: Conversion | 227
Lesson 20. Obversion 229 Problem Set 20: Obversion and Advanced Manipulations | 235
Lesson 21. Hypothetical Propositions 238 Problem Set 21: Hypothetical Propositions | 248
Lesson 22. Advanced Conditional Propositions 250 Problem Set 22